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KMID : 0383119990460020005
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Journal of Aerospace Medicine
1999 Volume.46 No. 2 p.5 ~ p.9
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Countermeasures of muscle atrophy in weightlessness(Single therapy versus Combination therapy)
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Chung Ki-Young
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Abstract
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It is well known that space flight and simulated microgravity result in skeletal muscle atrophy. The muscles most susceptible to atrophy are the postural muscles such as soleus muscle of the leg: and the onset of this atrophy is rapid with a large decrease of muscle mass occurring within the first few days of weightless. According to limited data from humans in space, mean cross-sectional areas of muscle fibers decreased 11-24% after only 5 days in space. Since muscle strength is directly related to muscle cross-sectional area, this decrease leads to muscle weakening. Furthermore, astronauts with weaker muscle are in danger in emergency situations. Although this problem has never happened in previous manned space missions, this remains a risk of the astronauts in situations such as extravehicular activity and long period space mission in the future. Therefore, the application of countermeasures to muscle atrophy is imperative for astronaut well-being.
Some countermeasures have been proposed in space flight to prevent the muscle atrophy, which are a variety of exercises, electrical stimuli, nutritional support, and pharmacological agents. To the best of our knowledge, intermittent, eccentric exercise bouts have the greatest potential to effectively and efficiently attenuate unloading-
induced muscle atrophy. However, nothing has completely prevented muscle atrophy during non-weight bearing.
Thus, this review study was designed to evaluate what therapy was more effective to prevent muscle atrophy in weightlessness based on previous studies. Before addressing tai s purpose, I will review the effects of single therapies on muscle atrophy.
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